Hierothee passed along an article from the founder and editor of an on-line journal for Catholic education. He is a retired teacher and administrator in Canadian Catholic schools. The fact that he is retired perhaps contextualizes his views as it suggests that the period of his intellectual and faith formation are at least prior to the mid-1980s.
In some ways, the article could be quite humorous if it didn’t bear on such an important issue–the formation of students in Catholic schools. Borst begins citing an article by John Allen in NCReporter in which Allen tries his hand at Catholic theo-sociology. In the Reporter article, Allen extrapolates from another author’s identification of the defining features for Christian Evangelicalism in order to try to understand what he thinks is happening in the Catholic Church. In Allen’s view, apparently, what we have now in the Catholic Church is nothing more than a parallel trend to the Evangelical movement among Protestants. In the Catholic “movement” under the leadership of JPII and B16 we have the leaders “pitching classical Catholic faith and practice in the context of pluralism, making it modern and traditional all at once.”
Allen attempts to identify three major themes of this pitch:
authority, the centrality of key doctrines, and Christian exclusivity. If so [the themes are correct], there’s little doubt that Catholicism under John Paul II and Benedict XVI has become ever more boldly evangelical.
There is little question in my mind why Allen chooses this term. He is confident that with such a name, the media and therefore most Americans will receive this “movement” with the same distaste as does he. It is at least clear that the author quoting Allen, John Borst, shares Allen’s concern. Borst is particularly troubled that we are just seeing the start of this “movement” and so he frets that Catholic educators are in for some “political rough times” ahead.
It is interesting that authority is one of the issues to which Allen points as this is a fundamental aspect of faith, but I will return to this later. However, Borst does pick up on the issue of authority. In a discussion with one of these dreaded “Catholic evangelicals” about homosexuality, Borst says:
At one point, when I described the fact that a number of Catholic writers have explored the issue of homosexuality in significant depth especially around the meaning of love as members of the Body of Christ, I was shocked by the reply that this was the work of dissenters. Probing further, I learned according to this spokesperson the very act of questioning was an act of dissent because it implied a disbelief in the Church’s taught doctrine.
You see, the issue of authority and what constitutes dissent is apparently an epiphany for Borst. He goes on to say:
For Catholic educators this has huge implications. It implies that all Truth is already known. It is fixed, with no need for further exploration. It implies that Church authority is final and that assent to that authority is the defining criteria for identifying oneself as Catholic.
I have to admit that I found Borst’s response surprising. If Borst is being truthful in his ignorance, he does not even seem to realize that the authority the Magisterium understands itself to possess has been an issue between dissenters like himself and the Magisterium since Humanae vitae. It is also unclear to me what of authentic Church teaching he has been exposed if he does not even realize that he is a dissenter.
I could also mention his non sequitur: that is, to infer that because the Catholic Church definitively teaches that always and everywhere homosexual inclinations are intrinsically disordered and, therefore, consenting to these inclinations is gravely evil, that the Church must also then claim that “all Truth is already known.” Because one truth is known with absolute certainty does not lead to the necessary conclusion that all truth is known. I wonder if he “thought” this non sequitur up himself, or if he has simply accepted the canard from others with the assent of dissenting “faith.”
With respect to Borst’s surprise at the contention that identity as a Catholic means assent to the Church’s teaching authority as final, it would seem that he has not read Lumen gentium 25 very carefully if he does not at least understand that he is dissenting from what the Church authoritatively teaches. Chesterton has an interesting thought on this. Chesterton says that the Catholic faith is exactly that; it is belief in Catholic doctrine. Belief rules out searching, for if one is still searching then he does not yet believe. Therefore, it would be logically inconsistent to call himself Catholic.
The Catholic Church is distinguished from other Christian traditions in many ways, but the fundamental issue is the authority of the Church to teach definitively, in the name of Christ, through its bishops in union with the successor to Peter. I find it amazing that Borst seems to be ignorant of this. Most dissenters will have responses for why they reject any number of Church teachings but he seems not even to know he needs to defend his dissent. Nevertheless, as Chesterton would point out, any argument in support of dissent by definition rules one out from claiming to be Catholic because one does not hold the Catholic faith. If one dissents from even one teaching that the Church asserts as authoritative, then one simply happens to agree with some Church teachings and disagrees with others. This much is true, though probably in differing degrees, even for most atheists. What Borst professes is not faith but, at most, a coincidental correspondence of some of his opinions with the teachings of the Catholic Church.
In the context of dissent from authority, it is all the more ironic that Borst challenges the Church’s authority on many moral issues for the reason he had recently written a post eschewing the activities of lay Catholics in challenging the authority of some Catholic school boards in Canada to teach about homosexuality as they saw fit, deriding the lay Catholics’ activities as “vigilante Catholicism.”
Borst goes on to reveal that he succumbs to the thoughtless rationalism that pervades most dissenters, especially in the various halls of academia. He writes:
I find it hard to believe Catholic Evangelicals would agree with Dennis Murphy when he states first that “this search for truth which gives us our identity is not about fleeing from our secular culture but constructively engaging it in a critical way” and concomitantly that we are “a religion with a brain” and a people that “believe that we can attain the truth through thinking.”
Adoption of Allen’s epithet aside, this is one thing that faithful Catholic could agree with Borst about. That is, a faithful Catholic could not agree with Murphy in his very concise articulation of Catholic dissenters’ version of Enlightenment rationalism. This rationalism assumes that reason must have the last word with regard to truth. In other words, divine revelation must be subordinated to reason and reason alone can finally determine whether a “proposition” presented by divine revelation can be true or not. For the Catholic rationalist dissenter, anyone who would disagree with this “thinking” is a fideist.
This is a fallacious contention. As the Church authoritatively taught at the First Vatican Council, and happily enough reason itself would dictate, reason, rather, must subordinate itself to faith. This is eminently reasonable, especially for one who claims to hold the Catholic faith. This is so because God, Who is author of all truth, is omnipotent and omniscient. Therefore, by definition if He reveals anything to us He must reveal the Truth. Since He has the power to reveal Himself in such a way that He can overcome human limitations to understanding and He can overcome the possibility of error in its transmittal, one may not appeal to these limitations as necessary justification for the contention that reason must take priority over faith. The Church has witnessed to the truth from the beginning, that God has endowed His Church with the gift of the Holy Spirit to keep it pure in Truth. Thus, as John Paul the Great points out in Fides et ratio, divine revelation is the most certain of all knowledge.
This is not the same as saying that faith is irrational. Faith is supra-rational. The difference here is that one can never find a contradiction to reason in authentic Church teachings, but some may go beyond reason–the Trinity for example. It is not fideism because one is not required to accept anything that contradicts reason. But neither is the Catholic faith rationalism because one cannot justifiably reject an authoritative teaching because he cannot “prove” it to himself through reason alone.
Contra Borst’s insinuation, authentic Catholicism (which he terms evangelical Catholicism) is “a religion with a brain.” We can attain the truth through thinking though we cannot attain every truth of faith through reason alone. As a matter of fact, it is because faithful Catholics think that we realize we err if we attempt to abuse our faculty of reason in order to rationalize why the Church is wrong and we are right on teachings to which we are unwilling to conform our intellects and wills.